Here’s the good news: In past tense conjugation, -er and -ir verbs use all the same forms! And you can keep up with the “stacking” method of memorizing here. Spanish Past Tense Conjugation: El Pretérito If you learn the basics of those, then you can see the patterns emerge in -er verbs, and -ir verbs are almost identical.
When first learning the conjugation patterns, it’s easiest to “stack” them, starting with -ar verbs. Since they’re spelt almost the same, I think of them as a unit for -ir verbs. And -ir verbs can be easy if you remember only the nosotros and vosotros forms differ from -er verbs. The verbs ending in -ir keep the exact same conjugation as -er verbs for half the pronouns, opting to use e instead of i… But change to i when it’s “we” or “you” (plural), and keep o for “I” pronouns.ĭid you pick up the patterns? The easiest part of present tense is when talking about yourself, the conjugation is always the same for first person, no matter which type of verb ending you’re using. Vivir: To Live Verb stem: viv- Pronoun Stem + Conjugation Present Tense yo viv + o vivo tú viv + es vives él, ella, usted viv + e vive nosotros/nosotras viv + imos vivimos vosotros/vosotras viv + ís vivís ellos, ellas, ustedes viv + en viven Look at how the -ar verb hablar (“to speak”) changes forms: Let’s take a look at how a verb in each category conjugations in the Spanish present tense with different pronouns. Spanish Present Tense Conjugation: El Presente Keep in mind, this is for regular verbs, and there are many that won’t fall into this standard pattern… but plenty that will work this way. We’ll start with the easiest form: simple present tense.
AR VERB HOW TO
Now let’s look at how to conjugate the three verb classes in the three main tenses based on the pronoun. The other thing is usted and ustedes conjugate in the same way as él, ella, ellos, and ellas. Latin American Spanish uses ustedes as both the formal and informal plural “you”. You (plural, informal): vosotros (male) vosotras (female)Ī couple notes here: vosotros/vosotras (“you”) is only used in Castilian Spanish, spoken in the country of Spain.We: nosotros (all men, or men and women) nosotras (all women).So when learning Spanish word conjugation, you’ll have to learn how each one changes in each tense. In the case of comer, the stem is com-.Įach class of verbs uses a different conjugation pattern, and changes based on who the subject of the sentence is. So to understand where to begin conjugating, you need to identify what kind of verb ending it has in its infinitive form, and what the stem of the verb is. I used comer (“to eat”) as an example above: it’s an -er verb, because it’s infinitive form ends in “er”. These are the infinitive verb endings (or dictionary form of the verb). Spanish Verb Conjugation: The Basicsįirst things first: there are three classes of Spanish verbs: -ar verbs, -er verbs, and -ir verbs.
You’ll need to know that because the infinitive form defines how verbs get classified. In English, infinitives usually have the word “to” in front of them, such as “to eat” ( comer in Spanish). This is the dictionary form: the way the verb appears in the dictionary, unconjugated. You do need to know the infinitive form of Spanish verbs, too. But you should go back to those later after you’ve mastered the main three tenses. If you’re curious, there’s also the imperfect, perfect, conditional, subjunctive, imperative, and gerund forms, too. You can get a lot of things across from these tenses and still be understood in the beginning. The three main tenses you should learn first in Spanish are the present ( el presente), the past (also called the preterite, el pretérito), and the future ( el futuro). Spanish Verb Tenses: The 3 Main Tenses to Master In this article, I’ll focus on the three main Spanish verb tenses for regular verbs: present, past and future. And once you know the basics, and some of the common irregular verbs, it’s easier to get a sense of how a verb should change. You can learn regular Spanish verb conjugation patterns pretty fast. The good news is most other aspects of Spanish are much easier. That’s because Spanish has so many irregular verbs.īut if you think about it, so does English! Think find/found, sell/sold and ring/rang, to name just a few.Īnd you already learned those patterns. Verb conjugation in Spanish often seems unpredictable, with few rules to follow. ?įor many Spanish learners, conjugations are one of the trickiest parts of the language to get used to.
AR VERB FULL
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